Atlas of Kurdistan

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The Wikimedia Atlas of the World is an organized and commented collection of geographical, political and historical maps available at Wikimedia Commons.
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The introductions of the country, dependency and region entries are in the native languages and in English. The other introductions are in English.
 
Kurdistan
Kurdistan كوردستان
Kurdî كوردی Kurdistan

Kurdistan tê wateyê welatê kurdan. Welatê Kurdistan di nav dewletên Tirkiye, Sûriye, Iraq û Îranê de hat perçe kirin. Beşên Kurdistanê ev in: Bakurê Kurdistanê, Başûrê Kurdistanê, Rojhilata Kurdistanê û Başûrê Rojavaya Kurdistanê.

العربية كردستان

كُردِستَان أو بِلَادِ الكُردِ هي منطقة جغرافية في الشرق الأوسط، حيث تركز الشعب الكردي تاريخياً. وهي اليوم مكونة من جنوب شرق تركيا، وشمال العراق، وشمال غرب إيران، وأجزاء من شمال سوريا.

Türkçe Kürdistan
Kürdistan, Kafkaslar'ın güneyi ve Orta Doğu'da, Türkiye, Irak, İran, Suriye, Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan ülkelerine ait toprakların bir kısmını kapsayan yerleşim bölgelerini adlandırmak için kullanılan bir terim.
فارسی سرزمین کردستان

سرزمینی که کردها در آن زندگی می‌کنند (به کردی: کوردستان/Kurdistan) نام دارد. کردستان نام یکی از ایالات بزرگ ایران بوده است که در جنگ چالدران بین نیروهای شاه اسماعیل اول صفوی و سلطان سلیم اول عثمانی در سال ۱۵۱۴ میلادی انجام گرفت و بر اثر شکست ایران، بخش بزرگی از کردستان از ایران جدا شد و نصیب عثمانی ‌گردید ("کردستان عثمانی").

English Kurdistan - Kurdistan
Kurdistan is an extensive plateau and mountainous area in Middle East, inhabited mainly by Kurds. It covers large parts of eastern Turkey, northern Iraq, northwestern Iran and smaller parts of northern Syria and Armenia. It roughly includes Zagros and eastern Taurus mountain ranges. From a political standpoint, Iraqi Kurdistan is the only region which has gained official recognition internationally as an autonomous federal entity.
Short name Kurdistan
Official  name Kurdistan
Status Divided by Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria
Capital Idem
Population 25–30 Million inhabitants
Area 190,000 km² - 390,000 km² km²
Major  languages Kurdish, Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Armenian
Major  religions Muslim
More information Kurdistan, Geography of Kurdistan, History of Kurdistan and Politics of Kurdistan
More  images Kurdistan - Kurdistan (Category).

General maps

Kurdish-inhabited area
Kurdistan (H. Binder, 1887)
Kurdistan (RGS, 1892)
Kurdish- and mixed Kurdish-inhabited areas (1910)
Kurdish-inhabited area (CIA, 1948)
Kurdish-inhabited area (CIA, 1986)
Kurdish-inhabited area (CIA, 1992)
Kurdish-inhabited area (CIA, 2002)
Kurdish-inhabited area and Kurdish diaspora in the Middle East
Kurdish-inhabited area
Kurdish-inhabited area
Kurdish language area
Kurdish language area
Kurdish language area
Kurdish language area
Status of Iranian languages
Southern Kurdish dialect

History maps

This section holds a short summary of the history of the area of present-day Kurdistan, illustrated with maps, including historical maps of former countries and empires that included present-day Kurdistan.

Bronze Age

Map of the state of Mitanni in 1450 BC
Map of the state of Mitanni in 1450 BC
Map of the state of Mitanni in circa 1400 BCE
Map of the kingdom of Mitanni at its maximal extension
Map of the state of Mitanni
Map of the state of Mitanni
Map of the state of Mitanni

Iron Age

Median Empire, around 600 BC
Median Empire, around 600 BC
Median Empire, since 600 BC
Median Empire, 6th century BC

Classical period

Achaemenid Persian Empire in the time of the Cyrus the Great
Achaemenid Persian Empire in the time of the Cyrus the Great
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 540 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 500 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 500 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 500 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 500 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 500 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 490 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire in the time of the Darius the Great
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 480 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 480 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire
Achaemenid Persian Empire

Hellenistic period

Macedonian Empire, 334-323 BC
Macedonian Empire, 323 BC
Macedonian Empire, 323 BC
Macedonian Empire
Seleucid Empire, 323 BC
Seleucid Empire, 303 BC
Seleucid Empire, 301 BC
Seleucid Empire, 200 BC
Seleucid Empire, 194 BC
Seleucid Empire
Seleucid Empire
Seleucid Empire
Parthian Empire, 100 BC
Parthian Empire, 1st century BC
Kingdom of Gordyene, 95-66 BC
Parthian Empire, 60 BC
Parthian Empire, 60 BC
Parthian Empire, 50 BC

Roman period

Roman dependency of Corduene (as of 31 BC)
Parthian Empire, 1 AD
Parthian Empire, 1 AD
Parthian Empire
Parthian Empire
Parthian Empire
Sassanid Persian Empire and Eastern Roman Empire, around 400 AD
Roman-Persian Frontier, 5th century
Sassanid Persian Empire and Eastern Roman Empire, around 500 AD
Sassanid Persian Empire, around 500 AD
Sassanid Persian Empire, 565 AD
Roman-Persian Frontier, 565
Sassanid Persian Empire and Eastern Roman Empire, 6th century
Sassanid Persian Empire, 6th century
Sassanid Persian Empire, 600 AD
Sassanid Persian Empire and Eastern Roman Empire, 600 AD
Sassanid Persian Empire, 620 AD
Sassanid Persian Empire, 226-651
Sassanid Persian Empire
Sassanid Persian Empire
Sassanid Persian Empire
Sassanid Persian Empire
Persian Empires, 610 BC-651 AD
Roman-Persian Frontier in Late Antiquity, 4th-7th centuries

Middle Ages

Hasanwayhid dynasty (10th-11th century)
Marwanids rule areas (990-1085)
Ghurid Iranian Empire, 1149-1212
Ayyubid Empire, 1171-1246
Ayyubid Empire, 1171-1246
Ayyubid Empire, 1171-1246
Ayyubid Empire, 1188
Ayyubid Empire, 1188
Ayyubid Empire, 1189
Ayyubid Empire, 1190
Ayyubid Empire, 12th century
Anatolia and surrounding regions in AD 1200
Ayyubid Empire, 1250-1260
Ayyubid Empire, 1257
Ayyubid Empire
Timurid Persian Empire, 1365-1405
Timurid Persian Empire
Timurid Persian Empire
Timurid Persian Empire

Early Modern period

Safavid Persian Empire in 1501-1722
Safavid Persian Empire in 1501-1722
Safavid Persian Empire in 1512
Safavid Persian Empire, 16th-18th century
Afsharid Iranian Empire, 1723-1735
Afsharid Iranian Empire, 1736-1802
Persia in 1741
Qajar Persian Empire during earlier years of Qajar dynasty
Qajar Persian Empire
Kurdish Independent Kingdoms and Autonomous Principalities circa 1835
Khurasani Kurdish exclave circa 1835
Ardalan state
Ardalan state
Kurdish states from 2nd century BC to 19th century
Persia and Ottoman Empire in 1900
Persia in 1907
Proposed Kurdish state by the Treaty of Sèvres (1920)
Proposed Kurdish state by the Treaty of Sèvres (1920)
Proposed Kurdish state by the Treaty of Sèvres (1920)
Proposed Kurdish state by the Treaty of Sèvres (1920)
Kurdish statehood in the 20th century
Kingdom of Kurdistan in 1923
Kingdom of Kurdistan in 1923
Red Kurdistan (Kurdistan Uyezd, Kurdistan Autonomous Province) in Soviet Caucasus, 1923-1929.
Kurdistani District (Red Kurdistan) in Soviet Caucasus, 1930.
Republic of Mahabad (1946)
Republic of Mahabad (1946)
Map showing the claimed borders of Southern and Western Kurdistan (Rojava)

Old maps

This section holds copies of original general maps more than 70 years old.

Ancient Media
Ancient Media
Ancient Media
Median Empire, around 600 BC
Median Empire, 600 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, 588-536 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, 579-560 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 500 BC
Achaemenid Persian Empire, around 500 BC
Macedonian Empire, 336-323
Macedonian Empire
Macedonian Empire, 331-301 BC
Macedonian Empire
Macedonian Empire
Kingdoms of Corduene-Sophene, 63 BC
Map by Mahmud al-Kashgari (1074), showing Arz ul Akrad Arabic for land of Kurds between Arz ush Sham (Syria), and Arz ul Iraqeyn (Iraq Arabi and Iraq Ajami).
Timurid Persian Empire, 1405
Timurid Persian Empire, 1405
Timurid Persian Empire, 1405
Old map of Kurdistan from 1590
Historic map from 1721, showing borders of Curdistan provinces
Old map of Kurdistan from 1785
Old map of Kurdistan from 1785
Old map of Kurdistan from 1787
Old map of Kurdistan from 1791
Detail of Kurdistan from A New Map of Turkey in Asia published by Laurie & Whittle, London, 1794, based on the maps of Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville (1697–1782)
Old map of Kurdistan from 1801
Persia in 1808
Detail of Kurdistan from A New Map of Turkey in Asia published by William Darton (1781–1854) in London, 1811
Old map of Kurdistan from 1813
Persia in 1814
Detail of Kurdistan from Turkey in Asia published by Fielding Lucas, Jr. (1781–1854) in Baltimore, 1823
Old map of Kurdistan from 1856
Persia in 1848
Old map of Kurdistan from 1861
Old map of Kurdistan from 1861
Old map of Kurdistan from 1862
Kurdistan in 1887
Mosul province, 1897
Persia in 1900
Persia in 1916
Persia in 1921
Kurdish map of Kurdistan and the Kurds, made by the diaspora in Cario (1946)
Ethnic "Kurdistan" (diagonal shading) according to the CIA in 1948 and Kurdistan (dashed outline) as claimed by the Rizgari Party in 1946.

Iraqi Kurdistan

Kurdistan Autonomous Region in Iraq in 1975
Kurdish Federation in 1998
Kurdish Federation in 1998
Kurdish areas in 2003
Kurdistan Region in Iraq in 2009
Kurdistan Region in Iraq in 2012
Governorates of Kurdistan Region in Iraq in 2012
Governorates of Kurdistan Region in Iraq in 2015
Location of Iraqi Kurdistan (dark red) with respect to Iraq (white) and claimed areas (hatched) on a map of the Middle East.
Iraqi Kurdistan region
Iraqi Kurdistan region
Iraqi Kurdistan region
Iraqi Kurdistan region
Governorates of Iraqi Kurdistan region
Dihok Governorate of Kurdistan Region in 2012
Hewlêr Governorate of Kurdistan Region in 2012
Silêmanî Governorate of Kurdistan Region in 2012
Silêmanî Governorate of Kurdistan Region in 2015
Proposed borders of the Helebce Governorate of Kurdistan Region in 2014-2015
Kurds in Iraq, 1983
Ethnic and religious distribution of Iraq. The Kurdish population is shown in pink
Kurds in Iraq
Kurds in Iraq

Syrian Kurdistan

Map showing claimed and de facto territory of Rojava
Map showing claimed and de facto territory of Rojava
Map showing de facto borders of Western Kurdistan (Rojava) in February 2014
Map showing de facto borders of Western Kurdistan (Rojava) in June 2015
Map showing de facto borders of Western Kurdistan (Rojava) in June 2015
Map showing de facto borders of Western Kurdistan (Rojava) in October 2016
Map showing the claimed borders of Western Kurdistan (Rojava)
Map showing the claimed borders of Western Kurdistan (Rojava)
Map showing the claimed borders of Western Kurdistan (Rojava)
Map showing de facto cantons of Western Kurdistan (Rojava) in February 2014, as well as territories claimed by Western Kurdistan (Rojava), but not controlled by the Kurds in February 2014
Map showing de facto cantons of Western Kurdistan (Rojava) in February 2014
Map showing de facto cantons of Rojava
Map showing de facto cantons of Rojava
Map showing de facto cantons of Rojava

Iranian Kurdistan

Kurdish inhabited areas of Iran
Kurdish inhabited areas of Iran
Kurdish inhabited areas of Iran (yellow)
Iranian Kurdistan (yellow)
Ethnoreligious distribution of Iran, 2004
 
Kurd
 
Persian
 
Azeri
 
Arab
 
Lur
 
Baloch
 
Qashqai
 
Turkmen
 
Gilaki
 
Mazandarani
 
Talysh
 
Other
 
Sparsely populated
Kurdish inhabited areas of Iran
Kurdistan province of Iran
Kurdistan province of Iran
Kurdistan province of Iran
Kurdistan province of Iran
Kurdistan province of Iran
Kurdistan province of Iran

Turkish Kurdistan

PKK Conflict
Turkish Kurdistan

Notes and references

General remarks:

  • The WIKIMEDIA COMMONS Atlas of the World is an organized and commented collection of geographical, political and historical maps available at Wikimedia Commons. The main page is therefore the portal to maps and cartography on Wikimedia. That page contains links to entries by country, continent and by topic as well as general notes and references.
  • Every entry has an introduction section in English. If other languages are native and/or official in an entity, introductions in other languages are added in separate sections. The text of the introduction(s) is based on the content of the Wikipedia encyclopedia. For sources of the introduction see therefore the Wikipedia entries linked to. The same goes for the texts in the history sections.
  • Historical maps are included in the continent, country and dependency entries.
  • The status of various entities is disputed. See the content for the entities concerned.
  • The maps of former countries that are more or less continued by a present-day country or had a territory included in only one or two countries are included in the atlas of the present-day country. For example the Ottoman Empire can be found in the Atlas of Turkey.

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Disputed subnational entities and territories
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Former dependencies and overseas territories
Netherlands Antilles

Former disputed territories
Tamil Eelam

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